Restoring Volumes for Kubernetes StatefulSets

Longhorn supports restoring backups, and one of the use cases for this feature is to restore data for use in a Kubernetes StatefulSet, which requires restoring a volume for each replica that was backed up.

To restore, follow the below instructions. The example below uses a StatefulSet with one volume attached to each Pod and two replicas.

  1. Connect to the Longhorn UI page in your web browser. Under the Backup tab, select the name of the StatefulSet volume. Click the dropdown menu of the volume entry and restore it. Name the volume something that can easily be referenced later for the Persistent Volumes.

    • Repeat this step for each volume you need restored.
    • For example, if restoring a StatefulSet with two replicas that had volumes named pvc-01a and pvc-02b, the restore could look like this:
    Backup NameRestored Volume
    pvc-01astatefulset-vol-0
    pvc-02bstatefulset-vol-1
  2. In Kubernetes, create a Persistent Volume for each Longhorn volume that was created. Name the volumes something that can easily be referenced later for the Persistent Volume Claims. storage capacity, numberOfReplicas, storageClassName, and volumeHandle must be replaced below. In the example, we’re referencing statefulset-vol-0 and statefulset-vol-1 in Longhorn and using longhorn as our storageClassName.

    apiVersion: v1
    kind: PersistentVolume
    metadata:
      name: statefulset-vol-0
    spec:
      capacity:
        storage: <size> # must match size of Longhorn volume
      volumeMode: Filesystem
      accessModes:
        - ReadWriteOnce
      persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Delete
      csi:
        driver: driver.longhorn.io # driver must match this
        fsType: ext4
        volumeAttributes:
          numberOfReplicas: <replicas> # must match Longhorn volume value
          staleReplicaTimeout: '30' # in minutes
        volumeHandle: statefulset-vol-0 # must match volume name from Longhorn
      storageClassName: longhorn # must be same name that we will use later
    ---
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: PersistentVolume
    metadata:
      name: statefulset-vol-1
    spec:
      capacity:
        storage: <size>  # must match size of Longhorn volume
      volumeMode: Filesystem
      accessModes:
        - ReadWriteOnce
      persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Delete
      csi:
        driver: driver.longhorn.io # driver must match this
        fsType: ext4
        volumeAttributes:
          numberOfReplicas: <replicas> # must match Longhorn volume value
          staleReplicaTimeout: '30'
        volumeHandle: statefulset-vol-1 # must match volume name from Longhorn
      storageClassName: longhorn # must be same name that we will use later
    

2.1 In the case of encrypted volume, make sure you are specifying the nodePublishSecretRef, and nodeStageSecretRef while creating the PV.

kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: statefulset-encrypted-vol-0
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: <size>
  volumeMode: Filesystem
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Delete
  csi:
    driver: driver.longhorn.io
    fsType: ext4
    nodePublishSecretRef:
      name: <secret-name>
      namespace: <namespace>
    nodeStageSecretRef:
      name: <secret-name>
      namespace: <namespace>
    volumeAttributes:
      numberOfReplicas: <replicas>
      staleReplicaTimeout: "30"
    volumeHandle: statefulset-encrypted-vol-0
  storageClassName: longhorn
  1. In the namespace the StatefulSet will be deployed in, create PersistentVolume Claims for each Persistent Volume. The name of the Persistent Volume Claim must follow this naming scheme:

    <name of Volume Claim Template>-<name of StatefulSet>-<index>
    

    StatefulSet Pods are zero-indexed. In this example, the name of the Volume Claim Template is data, the name of the StatefulSet is webapp, and there are two replicas, which are indexes 0 and 1.

    apiVersion: v1
    kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
    metadata:
      name: data-webapp-0
    spec:
      accessModes:
      - ReadWriteOnce
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 2Gi # must match size from earlier
      storageClassName: longhorn # must match name from earlier
      volumeName: statefulset-vol-0 # must reference Persistent Volume
    ---
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
    metadata:
      name: data-webapp-1
    spec:
      accessModes:
      - ReadWriteOnce
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 2Gi # must match size from earlier
      storageClassName: longhorn # must match name from earlier
      volumeName: statefulset-vol-1 # must reference Persistent Volume
    
  2. Create the StatefulSet:

    apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
    kind: StatefulSet
    metadata:
      name: webapp # match this with the PersistentVolumeClaim naming scheme
    spec:
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: nginx # has to match .spec.template.metadata.labels
      serviceName: "nginx"
      replicas: 2 # by default is 1
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app: nginx # has to match .spec.selector.matchLabels
        spec:
          terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
          containers:
          - name: nginx
            image: registry.k8s.io/nginx-slim:0.8
            ports:
            - containerPort: 80
              name: web
            volumeMounts:
            - name: data
              mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
      volumeClaimTemplates:
      - metadata:
          name: data # match this with the PersistentVolumeClaim naming scheme
        spec:
          accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
          storageClassName: longhorn # must match name from earlier
          resources:
            requests:
              storage: 2Gi # must match size from earlier
    

Result: The restored data should now be accessible from inside the StatefulSet Pods.


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